The single suction pump is also called short - rate pump, which is driven by the centrifugal motion of water caused by the rotation of the impeller. Before starting the pump, it must fill the pump shell and the suction pipe with water and then start the motor to make the pump shaft drive the impeller and water to do the high-speed rotary motion. The water has a centrifugal movement and is thrown to the outer edge of the impeller, and the flow of the volute pump case flows into the water pump.

The single suction pump sucks the water horizontal axially, out up radially. The pump is a suspension structure. It is not necessary to remove the inlet and outlet pipe during maintenance, and the rotor parts can be repaired. The pump is connected by ordinary spring coupling or extension elastic coupling and motor, and the shaft seal of the pump is sealed with soft packing. The bearings are single row radial ball bearings, lubricated with lubricating oil. The pump is rotated clockwise from the motor end. When the single-suction pump starts, the pump shaft drives the impeller to make a high-speed rotational motion, forcing the pre-filled fluid to rotate between the blades, and under the action of inertial centrifugal force, the liquid self-impeller center radial movement. The fluid gets energy from the movement of the impeller, the static pressure increases and the flow rate increases. When the liquid leaves the impeller and enters the pump shell, the inner flow of the shell gradually expands and decelerates, and some of the kinetic energy is converted into static pressure energy, and finally, the discharge line is cut into the discharge line. So the volute pump shell is not only a part of the flow of liquid from the impeller but also a rotating energy device. When the liquid is swung outward from the center of the impeller, the impeller center forms a low-pressure zone. The liquid is sucked into the impeller center under the action of the total potential difference between the liquid surface and the impeller center. Depending on the continuous operation of the impeller, the liquid is continuously inhaled and expelled. The mechanical energy obtained by the liquid in the centrifugal pump can be improved by static pressure.

The single suction pump can be used for air conditioning, heating, building water supply, pressurization, and building fire protection. It can also transport chemical and other corrosive liquids similar to water, which can be used in chemical, petroleum, metallurgy, food, pharmaceutical, synthetic fibre, desalination and other fields. The general flow rate of single suction pump is relatively small, the advantages are the same flow, the volume of single suction is small, but the axial force is large and the bearing is big. There are a lot of limitations to the dual pump. In terms of use, the advantages of double - suction drainage pump are more obvious.